Chemical reactions can be classified as one of six main types: synthesis, decomposition, single replacement, double replacement, neutralization, combustion.
SYNTHESIS: A synthesis reaction is when two or more simple compounds combine to form a more complicated one.
element+element--compound
A+B --AB
Eg: hydrogen + oxygen -- water
DECOMPOSITION: A decomposition reaction is the opposite of a synthesis reaction - a complex molecule breaks down to make simpler ones
compound--element+element
AB--A+B
Eg: calcium chlorate-- calcium chloride + oxygen
SINGLE REPLACEMENT: This is when one element trades places with another element in a compound.
element+compound --element + compound
A+BC--B+AC [A=metal]
A+BC--C+BA [A= non metal]
Eg aluminum+ lead nitrate--aluminum nitrate +lead
DOUBLE REPLACEMENT : This is when the anions and cations of two different molecules switch places, forming two entirely different compounds
ionic solution+ ionic solution-- ionic solution + ionic solid
AB[aq] +CD[aq]--AD[aq]+CB[s]
Eg: iron chloride + lithium phosphate--iron phosphate + lithium chloride
NEUTRALIZATION :This is a special kind of double displacement reaction that takes place when an acid and base react with each other.
acid+ base--salt+water
HA+BOH---AB +H2O
Eg; sulphuric acid + sodium hydroxide--sodium sulphate +water
COMBUSTION: A combustion reaction is when oxygen combines with another compound to form water and carbon dioxide.
Eg: hydrocarbon+ oxygen --carbon dioxide +water
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