Aldehydes and Ketones

Aldehyde

- is an organic compound that contains a double bond of carbon and oxygen and a single alkyl substitute

- the ending of the aldehyde is written as “-al”

Ketones

- is an organic compound that contains a double bond of carbon and oxygen as well as two alkyl substitutes

- Its general formula would be CnH2nO where n represent the number of carbons in the structure

- the ending of ketone is written as “-one”

 Ex 1. 

1. the longest carbon chain is 4 (butane)

2. the double bond of carbon and oxygen is located at the first carbon

3. ending is “-al”

Name of Structure: butanal

Ex 2.

Draw the structure methanol

1. methyl is one carbon

2.double bond is located at the first carbon

Molecular Structure: 

Ex 3.

1. the longest carbon chain is 5 pentane

2. the double bond of carbon and oxygen is located at the second carbon

3. nitro is located 4^th from the left side

4. ending is “-al”

Name of Structure: 4-nitro-2-pentanone

Ex 4.

Draw the structure 3-ethyl-3-hexenal

1. hexane is a 7 carbon chain

2. double bond is located on the 3^rd carbon

3. ethyl is located on the 3^rd carbon

4. ending “-al” signifies there is a double bond of oxygen and carbon

Molecular Structure:

(poorly drawn)

Aldehyde Introduction

Ketone Naming

Satannia 8