Organic compounds will most likely contain carbon
An example would be cocaine, C17H21NO4
Methane is the simplest of the organic compounds
A homologous series consist of methane, ethane, propane, butane, pentane, hexane, heptanes, octane, nonane and decane
Homologous means that they have similar formula
Some organic compounds may not consist of hydrogen and carbon, examples would include tetrachloride
A alkene is a bond of hydrogen and carbon, in which that all carbon atoms are bonded by single bonds of hydrogen to make octets
Ex 1. H H H H H H H H
l l l l l l l l
H – C – C – C – C – C – C –C – C – H
l l l l l l l l
H H H H H H H H
This would be an octane as the longest chain of carbon is 8
These are the basic steps to take in naming an organic compound molecular structure (steps from Ms.Chen)
Find and name the longest continuous carbon chain that will be the name for the end.
Depending on the number of carbons the name would be: Methane – 1
Ethane – 2
Propane – 3
Butane – 4
Pentane – 5
Hexane – 6
Heptane – 7
Octane – 8
Nonane – 9
Decane – 10
Identify and name groups attached to chains.
Depending on the number of carbon that branch off that would make up the second part in which if there is one carbon on a branch that would give it the name methyl. It is basically similar to the top but the ane becomes yl. The number that comes before the group name is the position of the branch.
Putting the groups in alphabetical order and the carbon chain at the end it the complete name of the molecular structure
Ex 2. CH3
l
CH3 – C – CH3 Longest carbon chain is 3, number of carbon in branch is 1 and
l branches are found 2 to the most left
CH3 2,2 – methyl – propane
CPR Episode 1 - Organic Chemistry Nomenclature
OChem 01 - Nomenclature 1/4
Satannia 8
没有评论:
发表评论